Which of the following can promote good health but is not essential for survival?

Active non-nutrients refer to substances in food that can provide health benefits but are not required for basic survival. These include compounds such as phytochemicals and antioxidants found in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. While they can enhance health by potentially reducing the risk of chronic diseases, improving immune function, and offering other health benefits, they are not necessary for the body to function or to stay alive.

In contrast, essential vitamins, necessary minerals, and basic nutrients are fundamental to human survival. Essential vitamins are vital for processes such as vision, bone health, blood clotting, and energy production; necessary minerals support functions like nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and hydration; and basic nutrients—such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats—are needed for energy, growth, and overall body maintenance. Therefore, while active non-nutrients contribute positively to health and well-being, their lack in the diet would not immediately threaten survival, which is why they are classified differently from essential nutrients.