What is the common term for tooth decay, which can affect dental health?

The common term for tooth decay is dental caries. This condition occurs when the enamel of teeth is damaged due to the acids produced by bacteria that feed on sugars present in food. Left untreated, dental caries can lead to cavities, pain, and more serious dental issues.

Dental plaque refers to the sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth, which can contribute to the development of dental caries if not removed through proper oral hygiene. Gingivitis is a type of gum disease characterized by inflammation of the gums, usually as a result of plaque buildup, but it is not directly related to tooth decay itself. Halitosis is the term for bad breath and is typically caused by bacteria in the mouth, which can be linked to dental issues, but it does not directly describe tooth decay. Understanding these terms clarifies why dental caries is the most accurate term for tooth decay.