What is an immune reaction to a protein in food that the body sees as foreign?

The correct answer identifies a food allergy as an immune reaction to a protein in food that the body perceives as foreign. When a person with a food allergy consumes a certain protein, their immune system responds by mistakenly identifying it as a threat, leading to an immune response. This can trigger the release of histamines and other chemicals, resulting in symptoms that can range from mild reactions, such as hives or digestive issues, to severe and potentially life-threatening conditions like anaphylaxis.

Food intolerance, on the other hand, does not involve the immune system but rather an inability to properly digest certain foods, often due to enzymatic deficiencies or sensitivities. Food sensitivity is a broader term that can encompass various reactions that may not necessarily be immune-related. Food resistance refers to the body's ability to withstand infections or illnesses and is not related to food reactions. Therefore, the distinctive nature of an immune response to a food protein characterizes a food allergy.