What health issue is commonly associated with undernutrition?

Bone density loss is commonly associated with undernutrition due to a deficiency in essential nutrients, particularly calcium and vitamin D, which are vital for maintaining strong bones. When individuals do not consume adequate amounts of these nutrients over time, their bones can become weak and less dense, increasing the risk of fractures and osteoporosis. Undernutrition can also lead to overall poor health, impairing the body's ability to absorb and utilize nutrients effectively, further exacerbating issues related to bone health.

In contrast, heart disease, obesity, and diabetes are typically linked to overnutrition or an imbalance in nutrient intake rather than undernutrition. These conditions arise from excessive consumption of unhealthy foods, a sedentary lifestyle, and other factors that lead to weight gain and metabolic issues, which do not directly correlate with the complications associated specifically with undernutrition.