What condition involves the deposition of fats and fibrous materials in blood vessel walls?

Atherosclerosis is characterized by the buildup of fats, cholesterol, and fibrous materials within the walls of arteries. This process occurs over time and leads to the formation of plaque, which can narrow and harden the arteries, reducing blood flow and increasing the risk of cardiovascular events such as heart attacks and strokes. The condition is often associated with risk factors such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle. Its progression can lead to serious health complications, making it a significant focus in the study of cardiovascular health and nutrition.

The other options you mentioned relate to different conditions: cardiomyopathy refers to diseases of the heart muscle, cholesterolosis involves the accumulation of cholesterol in the gallbladder, and thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot within a blood vessel. While these conditions may be related to overall cardiovascular health, they do not specifically describe the process of fat and fibrous material deposition in blood vessel walls as seen in atherosclerosis.